Test Your Knowledge of the Respiratory System

 

1.  Write the names of the organs and vessels below in the correct order, to show the passage of oxygen in the air from the nose to the cells of the body

alveoli,    aorta,    bronchi,    bronchioles,    capillaries,    left atrium,    left ventricle,   larynx, nasal cavity,    pharynx,    pulmonary veins,    tissues of the body,    trachea

1……………………………..………      8……………..………………………      2……………………………..………      9……………..………………………     

3……………………………..………      10……………………………………     

4………………………………..……      11……………………………………     

5………………………………..……      12……………………………………     

6………………………………..……      13…………………………………… 

7………………………………..……         

2.  Fill in the gaps in the two following statements to show the part played by the diaphragm, external intercostals muscles and the ribs in breathing. 

Choose from:   contracts,       flattens and lowers,        decreases,         drop down,    

                              increases,        outwards and upwards,    pushes upwards, 

INSPIRATION (BREATHING IN)                                                                    

At rest, the pressure of air inside the lungs is atmospheric pressure. At the beginning of inspiration, the diaphragm _________________________, whilst the external intercostal muscles pull the ribs _____________________, and the Sternocleidomastoid muscle helps raise the sternum.  This action causes an expansion of the thoracic cavity and therefore _____________ the lung pressure, so that air rushes into the lungs until it equals atmospheric pressure again. Air is breathed in

3.  The respiratory tract is lined by mucosa, ciliated columnar epithelial cells interspersed by goblet cells.  Two functions of this lining are?

Circle two answers from the following;

Dries the air

Moistens the air

Traps air-borne particles

Produces sound                    

4.  Describe the passage of waste gases from tissues back to the lungs, by putting the following structures in order:

       capillary,     heart,     lungs,     pulmonary arteries,     vena cavae,     venules                                            

……………………………..………

……………………………..………

……………………………..………

……………………………..………

……………………………..………

……………………………..………

5.  What is the name of the outer membrane covering the lungs?

Diaphragm

Pleura

Alveoli

Epiglottis

Answer…………………………

6.  In the lungs, oxygen is absorbed into the blood.  In which part of the lungs does this mainly happen?

Bronchioles

Trachea

Bronchi

Alveoli

Answer…………………………

7.  True or False

Alveoli are made up of several layers of squamous epithelial cells surrounded by a capillary network

Answer…………………………

8.  Which of the following statements is a correct description of INTERNAL respiration

Diffusion of oxygen and carbon dioxide between body cells and blood capillaries

Diffusion of oxygen and carbon dioxide between alveoli and blood capillaries

Diffusion of oxygen and carbon dioxide between alveoli and the aorta

Active transport of oxygen from blood capillaries to body cells

Answer…………………………

9.  Choose from the following list the disorders that are being described below:

Rhinitis       Bronchitis       Emphysema       Asthma       Pneumonia       Tuberculosis      Hayfever      Sinusitis      Pleurisy

Alveolar walls lose elasticity and remain filled with air during expiration. Causes blood to become acidic and chest to ‘barrel’  …………………….

Inflammation of cavities in skull bones often preceded by an infection such as cold or flu  ………………………..

Inflammation of the nasal mucus membrane e.g. Hay fever ……………………

 

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