PLASMA = 55% of blood volume
Plasma is made up of 90% water +
Plasma Proteins Salts Fats
Enzymes Urea/uric acid Hormones
Amino Acids Vitamins Glucose
Minerals Gases
As blood flows it exerts pressure on the walls of the blood vessels.
The rate at which the heart beats can be determined by taking the pulse. Normal rates in adults at rest are between 65–75 but obviously vary according to many things such as emotion, general health and stimulants such as caffeine. Very fit people such as athletes may well have resting pulse rates below 60
Additional Information for VTCT Qualification
Sometimes during bodily processes there needs to be a diversion of blood away from the areas not involved in order to provide a better blood supply to those areas that are active.
By causing the small arterioles to constrict or dilate a considerable alteration in blood flow to the area they supply occurs, e.g. during digestion blood is diverted to those organs involved such as the stomach and intestines and away from areas such as the skeletal muscles. This is why exercising too soon after eating may cause cramps.
Erythema
Erythema is the reddening of the skin caused by vasodilation in the arterioles which then causes congestion in the tiny capillaries.
It can happen during massage but also due to exercise, infection, allergies and radiotherapy treatment
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